Ward Churchill Dies

NYTs

I never had the chance to meet Ward Churchill. I first read him in the early 90s at Michigan in a Native Studies class taught by Estevan Rael-Galvez. Estevan assigned this book, one the featured Ward heavily:

I liked it enough to keep buying books by the leading authors in this collection, including Ward. I was reading Howard Zinn, Noam Chomsky, Vine Deloria, John Trudell, Edward Said, Winona LaDuke, Paula Gunn Allen, Emma Goldman, etc. back in those days. They were mainstays of a radical publishing industry.

Eventually, I would hear negative comments about Prof. Churchill, that he threatened people, that he wasn’t really Indigenous, that he was a plagiarist. Hearing those things doesn’t necessarily make it so, especially when some of the people saying those things to me were themselves a bit unreliable. Other people I trust advised me that Ward was a true champion of academic freedom.

In the mid to late 2000s, D.C. Fed Bar asked me to join Ward and Sam Deloria on a panel about Indian citizenship and identity in their fall event one year. I even put together some materials in a packet I facetiously called “Who is an Indian? Ask the Government.” Being a baby law prof, I had no interest in arguing with either Sam or Ward, which I imagine could be quite bruising, but I did want to meet the man I had read for so long. Sadly, I did not get to see Sam and Ward interact on the same stage because Ward cancelled (or so I was told) and was replaced by a Congressional staffer. I can only imagine, given the controversies over Ward’s ancestry, that the panel might have been enlightening — or a debacle.

In Native circles in the public record, Ward first appears as an artist in the 1970s. That was news to me. He even showed in Paris in the mid-1970s.

Rapid City Journal, 1975
Rapid City Journal, 1976
Back inside cover of Shantiih, Summer-Fall 1979
An early bio from the same issue of Shantiih.

I confess that I found myself annoyed/jealous that Ward came up in a field that had so many gaps that one person could be so many things, artist, poet, activist, academic, institutional leader, etc. It’s very impressive that he was all these things without a PhD, JD, MFA, MBA, etc., academic credentials that Native people now struggle to attain — and usually must — just to be one of the things that Ward was known for. It was certainly a different time, with the few Native people that were able to make it through the higher education system that any person who did it was instantly a unicorn.

It was also a time of violence (Wounded Knee, treaty fishing, etc.), which seems to me to have contributed to the ugly academic discourse of that generation, in which Ward definitely partook. Whatever one’s views about Ward, his writings identified so many issues I had never heard about as a young man utterly uneducated about Native issues in the 1990s. For that, I say thanks to Ward and that entire generation of activist-academics.

Like I said, I never met him, but a few years back I did meet his delightful spouse, Natsu Saito, who is truly lovely. In my brief interaction with Prof. Saito, I noticed that her characterization of Ward was much different than what I had heard and read about him. My thoughts go out to her.

Tribal Nations Granted Intervention to Protect Chuckwalla Homelands

On March 3, 2026, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan granted the Tribal Nations’ motion to intervene in Torongo v. Burgum, the case that threatens the long-sought designation of the Chuckwalla National Monument.

In August 2025, five Tribal Nations — the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians, the Fort Yuma Quechan Indian Tribe, the Chemeheuvi Indian Tribe, the Colorado River Indian Tribes, and the Morongo Band of Mission Indians — filed a motion to intervene to protect Chuckwalla’s national monument status.

Learn more about Tribal Nations’ advocacy for their homelands in the Chuckwalla region.  

Klamath Tribes Challenge Orders Based on Secret Agreement Between Irrigator Group and State

On November 19, 2025, the Klamath Tribes filed a motion to amend their petition in the Circuit Court of Klamath County. The amended petition seeks to reverse recent illegal orders that replaced a long-time administrative law judge in the Klamath Basin Adjudication (KBA) on the heels of a secret deal cut between the Oregon State Office of Administrative Hearings and certain water users in the Upper Klamath Basin. Here is the amended petition:

The KBA is a several-decades-old lawsuit pending in the Circuit Court of Klamath County. It is quantifying the federal reserved water rights of the Klamath Tribes in the Klamath River Basin. The KBA involves administrative hearings conducted by the Office of Administrative Hearings, which made initial determinations on the Tribes’ water rights claims. Extensive proceedings were conducted at the Office from 2006 to 2012, and the Klamath County Circuit Court recently returned cases there for additional proceedings.

A Quick Overview of News Profiles and Government Documents Related to Tribal Contracting for ICE Detention Facilities and Related Activities

Prairie Band: “Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation has landed a $30 million contract to vet and design mega detention centers in the Trump administration’s push to stop illegal immigration.” [2025]

NANA Regional Corp.: “Through several presidential administrations, the company has turned itself into a large government contractor, with its biggest revenue generator run out of an office park in a suburb of Washington, DC. NANA’s largest contracts, worth hundreds of millions of dollars a year, are with the Department of Defense. But over the past decade, one of its fastest-growing lines of government business is with Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Schaeffer now says NANA is abandoning crucial values by taking an increasingly large role in President Donald Trump’s mass deportation drive.” [2025]

Other ANCs: “Alaska Native corporations and their subsidiaries do much of the work — and reap the profits — of detaining and guarding U.S. immigrants, patrolling the nation’s borders and maintaining detention centers.” [2021]

Other ANCs: “Well, I combed through the government contracts database to find out what kind of work they did. So I looked at recent contracts for ICE (U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement). I found a NANA subsidiary that got a $22 million contract for detention management at Krome, an ICE detention  facility near Miami. The same subsidiary got a contract of $8 million for detention support services in upstate New York. There was an AHTNA subsidiary that got a recent ICE contract for $35 million to provide guard services at a facility in Texas. And another Alaska Native corporation subsidiary runs an ICE detention center in San Pedro, California. Also, I saw one for armed ground transport — $700,000, one of the smaller ones — and it went to a Bering Straits Native corporation subsidiary.” [2018]

Bering Straits Native Corp. “Located just below the Arctic Circle, tribal communities in the Bering Straits region are well-acquainted with frozen conditions. Yet among the 8,000 Indigenous Alaskan shareholders who own the Bering Straits Native Corporation, some are unaware that their company staffs an ICE immigrant detention facility in El Paso, Texas.” [2021]

Same: “Native corporations and other Alaska-based companies have taken on at least a billion dollars in contracts with Immigration and Customs Enforcement in recent years, according to a review of available government contract data from 2012 through the present.” [2018]

Doyton Ltd and others: “Under current federal law and Department of Homeland Security regulations, Native American companies are favored recipients for immigrant detention contracts, and they reap large profits by assigning those contracts to non-Native American firms. One of the major Native-owned corporations that has received such contracts is Doyton Ltd., which holds the contract for operational, transportation and food services at the 800-bed El Paso Service Processing Center in El Paso, Texas.”

Same: “Doyon is one of several Native American corporations that are sealing major contracts with the Department of Homeland Security. Most are Alaska Native Corporations (ANCs), a collection of regional and village corporations created as part of the Alaska Claims Settlement Act of 1971. A few of these Native American corporations are contracting for various parts of ICE’s immigrant detention operations.” [2010]

Department of Homeland Security “Tribal Resources Guide

dhs-tribal-resource-guide

NANA [2025]

GAO Report : “Increased Use of Alaska Native Corporations’ Special 8(a) Provisions Calls for Tailored Oversight” [2006]

gao-06-399

More NANA/Akima: “As the Trump administration’s immigration crackdown has ramped up, officials are sending some migrants to a detention facility in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba that’s run by the subsidiary of an Alaska Native corporation.” More on same issue.

Yet more NANA/Akima: “A corporate conglomerate now running the US government’s immigration detention center at the Guantánamo Bay naval base on a lucrative contract has been the subject of critical audits and a civil rights complaint over conditions at three other migrant lockups it has run within the US, documents reviewed by the Guardian show.”

Kristen Carpenter Designated as Distinguished Professor by the University of Colorado!!

Here.

Approve. 🙂

George Bush Went Viral | Tribal Sovereignty, Treaties & The Truth with Mark Trahant

Sad News: Terrence Stamp Walks On

Here.

One of my favorite actors. Loved him in The Limey with Luis Guzman. Would have made a kick-ass Sith (if he wasn’t cast as a sad little chancellor).

Kneel before Zod:

This Guardian article is amazing.

Mike Taylor Obit — One of the Nicest People I’ve Ever Met

Here.

I first heard about Mike Taylor from John Petoskey, who had known him a long time and marveled at his audacity (Indigenacity(?), with apologies to the Dead Pioneers) in the Stock West cases and in masterminding the Quil Cede economic development project at Tulalip). If the Tribal In-House Counsel Association existed back in those days, he would be far better known.

In recent years, after his retirement, Mike started emailing me with hot tips to post on Turtle Talk. Later on, Mike explained to me that he repped Quinault in the US v. Washington trial that led to the Boldt decision. For whatever reason, Q was unwilling to intervene in the case at first, but when they did (Mike likely carried the laboring oar on that issue), they arrived as kind of a deus ex machina, being the only tribe with experience in regulating treaty fishing rights exercise at a time in the trial when Judge Boldt was asking if tribes could do so.

Mike was writing an autobiography. I sincerely hope that someone will be able to find those documents and put them together for publication. He shared a few snippets with me and all I can say is . . . LEGEND.

NARF Launches The Headwaters Report

The Headwaters Report – is a new digital blog site, bulletin, and source for Tribal water law information and resourcesThe Headwaters Report presents accessible information on foundational Tribal water law concepts and practices as well as current and emerging water-related issues.

    The first article focuses on the Clean Water Act, a 50-year-old law that, among other things, allows Tribes to assert regulatory jurisdiction over water quality and activities that impact water quality within reservation boundaries. In our next Report update, we plan to address the changes the Trump Administration is attempting to make to the Clean Water Act and how that may affect Tribal Nations.

    In the Report you will also find several slide decks on Tribal water rights information, including one on the basics of Tribal water rightsgeneral stream adjudications, and Indian water rights settlements. We intend The Headwaters Report to act not only as a clearinghouse for Tribal water law and policy information, but as a place to bring questions and to get guidance.

    DOGE Plans to Close 41 Offices of the BIA, IHS, NIGC, and DOI Office of Hearing and Appeals – Probate Hearings Division

    Below is a list of planned lease terminations pulled from the DOGE website on March 10, 2025. The list is likely incomplete and inaccurate, since DOGE’s “wall of receipts” has notoriously overstated its savings impact for federal taxpayers, requiring numerous corrections since it began posting details of its work.

    The list below also includes plans for the closure of seven additional BIA offices. These additional closures were pulled from a table published by the Democrats on the House Natural Resources Committee.

    “The impact on Bureau of Indian Affairs offices will be especially devastating. These offices are already underfunded, understaffed, and stretched beyond capacity, struggling to meet the needs of Tribal communities who face systemic barriers to federal resources. Closing these offices will further erode services like public safety, economic development, education, and housing assistance—services that Tribal Nations rely on for their well-being and self-determination.” – Rep. Jared Huffman (D-Calif.), Ranking Member of the House Natural Resources Committee

    Mark Macarro, President of NCAI, explained to the A.P. that funding for the BIA, IHS, and the BIE represents the lion’s share of the government’s obligations to tribes, and last year those departments made up less than a quarter of 1% of the federal budget. “They’re looking in the wrong place to be doing this,” said Macarro. “And what’s frustrating is that we know that DOGE couldn’t be a more uninformed group of people behind the switch. They need to know, come up to speed real quick, on what treaty rights and trust responsibility means.”

    AGENCYLOCATIONSQ FTANNUAL LEASE
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSCARNEGIE, OK0$2,798
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSST. GEORGE, UT750$50,400
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSFREDONIA, AZ1,500$22,860
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE-CALIFORNIAARCATA, CA1,492$37,012
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE NAVAJOFARMINGTON, NM2,000$62,677
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSPAWNEE, OK7,549$156,171
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSSEMINOLE, OK9,825$184,770
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE-BEMIDJIBEMIDJI, MN4,896$133,916
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE -OKLAHOMAOKLAHOMA CITY, OK5,000$119,951
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSWATONGA, OK2,850$38,573
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSPABLO, MT620$10,418
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSRAPID CITY, SD1,825$53,911
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSFORT THOMPSON, SD4,870$58,976
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSSISSETON, SD4,911$180,008
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE-BEMIDJITRAVERSE CITY, MI798$28,638
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSZUNI, NM2,117$39,819
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE NAVAJOGALLUP, NM20,287$322,529
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSELKO, NV4,760$134,297
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSASHLAND, WI34,970$649,408
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSSHAWANO, WI1,990$36,395
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE NAVAJOSAINT MICHAELS, AZ40,924$1,074,931
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSPHOENIX, AZ71,591$1,784,239
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSREDDING, CA5,307$154,103
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSHOLLYWOOD, FL3,000$79,365
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE-PHOENIXELKO, NV853$22,240
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE-NASHVILLEMANLIUS, NY2,105$37,648
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE-NASHVILLEOPELOUSAS, LA1,029$25,015
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE-BEMIDJISAULT STE MARIE, MI1,100$34,375
    INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE-CALIFORNIAUKIAH, CA1,848$45,857
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSPAWHUSKA, OK10,335$166,134
    NATIONAL INDIAN GAMING COMMISSIONRAPID CITY, SD1,518$43,938
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSTOPPENISH, WA17,107$533,985
    BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSBARAGA, MI1,200$14,400
    OFFICE OF HEARING AND APPEALS
    (PROBATE HEARINGS DIVISION)
    RAPID CITY, SD2,252$53,198
    TOTALS270927$6,339,757
    Additional Office Closures – House Natural Resources Committee List
    BUREAULOCATIONPLANNED TERM. DATE
    1409: BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSSHOW LOW, AZ1/26/2026
    1409: BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSTOWAOC,  COTBD
    1409: BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSLAPWAI, ID9/30/2025
    1409: BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSSAULT SAINT MARIE, MITBD
    1409: BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSPOPLAR, MTTBD
    1409: BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS FT TOTTEN, NDTBD
    1409: BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRSEAGLE BUTTE, SDTBD