SCOTUS Grants Oklahoma Petition to Consider Whether the State Can Prosecute Non-Indian – on – Indian Crime in Indian Country

Here is today’s order.

The grant is limited to question 1 — here are the questions presented:

  1. Whether a State has authority to prosecute non- Indians who commit crimes against Indians in Indian country.
  2. Whether McGirt v. Oklahoma, 140 S. Ct. 2452 (2020), should be overruled.

Cert stage materials in Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta:

Lower court materials:

Montana Federal Court Allows Blackfeet Farmers to Sue US for Race Discrimination

Here are the materials in Wellman v. Orcutt (D. Mont.):

1 Complaint

5 Motion to Dismiss

6 Response

8 Reply

14 DCT Order

Photograph of a Blackfeet Indian’s Farm – Harvesting Field of Oats (National Archives)

Fletcher Talk at Law School FKA Hastings on Feb. 17: “Federal Indian Law after the Notorious RBG”

2021 ICWA Cases–Initial Screenshots

I’m still cleaning the data for the 2021 ICWA cases, but here are a few screen shots that might be interesting. Federal cases are excluded. This dataset is based on my reading of Lexis/Westlaw alerts as well as a few individual state alerts. Mistakes are mine.

Arizona Federal Judge Acquits Border Wall Protester after Assertion of Religious Freedom Restoration Act Defense [Tohono O’Odham Lands]

Here are the materials in United States v. Ortega (D. Ariz.):

Quitobaquito Springs (NPS)

News coverage of the acquittal here.

Reason to Know Decision out of Colorado Court of Appeals [ICWA]

The Colorado Court of Appeals analyzed the regs on the reason to know issue, a similar argument to the In re Z.J.G. case from Washington. And as in Z.J.G., the Department is arguing for a narrower interpretation. However, the Court of Appeals reasoned:

Recall that the federal regulation and the Colorado statute implementing ICWA’s “reason to know” component distinguish between information that the child is an Indian child, 25 C.F.R. § 23.107(c)(1); § 19-1-126(1)(a)(II)(A), and information indicating that the child is an Indian child, 25 C.F.R. § 23.107(c)(2); § 19-1- 126(1)(a)(II)(B). These two provisions cannot have the same meaning because that would make one superfluous.

***

As a result, divisions of this court have repeatedly recognized that, where a district court receives information that the child’s family may have connections to specific tribes or ancestral groups, the court has “reason to know” that the child is an Indian child — even where the information itself does not establish that the child fully satisfies the definition of an Indian child

Minnesota SCT Rules McGirt Inapplicable in Minnesota

It’s ‘cuz of PL280 (and, yeah, I know you’re out there Red Lakers, so chill). Here is the opinion in Martin v. State of Minnesota:

Idaho Federal Court Dismisses Northwestern Shoshone Hunting Rights Claim

Here are the materials in Northwestern Band of the Shoshone Nation v. State of Idaho (D. Idaho):

North Carolina COA Dismisses Appeal in Property Claim Involving Eastern Band Cherokee

Here are the materials in Miller v. Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (N.C. Ct. App.):

Miller Brief

Tribe Brief

Reply

Unpublished Opinion